The correct answer is 4. Inertia is the property of a body by virtue of which the body is unable to change by itself the state of rest or of uniform motion. This property was first defined by Sir Isaac Newton in his first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.
This property of inertia is fundamental to understanding the behavior of objects under the influence of forces.